Elatinaceae are sister to Malpighiaceae; Peridiscaceae belong to Saxifragales

Elatinaceae are sister to Malpighiaceae; Peridiscaceae belong to Saxifragales.

Phylogenetic data from plastid (ndhF and rbcL) and nuclear (PHYC) genes indicate that, within the order Malpighiales, Elatinaceae are strongly supported as sister to Malpighiaceae. There are several putative morphological synapomorphies for this clade; most notably, they both have a base chromosome number of X = 6 (or some multiple of three or six), opposite or whorled leaves with stipules, uni...

Phylogeny of Elatinaceae and the Tropical Gondwanan Origin of the Centroplacaceae(Malpighiaceae, Elatinaceae) Clade

The flowering plant family Elatinaceae is a widespread aquatic lineage inhabiting temperate and tropical latitudes, including ∼35(-50) species. Its phylogeny remains largely unknown, compromising our understanding of its systematics. Moreover, this group is particularly in need of attention because the biogeography of most aquatic plant clades has yet to be investigated, resulting in uncertaint...

Introduction: All Your Base Are Belong to Us

The Need to Belong

Sufficient matrices belong to L

In this paper, we establish a significant matrix class inclusion that seems to have been overlooked in the literature of the linear complementarity problem. We show that P∗, the class of sufficient matrices, is a subclass of L. In the course of demonstrating this inclusion, we introduce other new matrix classes that forge interesting new connections between known matrix classes.